مجسمه آزادی ( The Statue Of Liberty )

به طور قطع هرگاه سخن از ایالات متحده آمریکا به میان آید, یادآوری مجسمه بزرگ آزادی به عنوان یک نماد این کشور در ذهن همه نمایان میشود.

این مجسمه غول پیکر به مناسبت صدمین سالگرد استقلال آمریکا از انگلیس و از طرف کشور فرانسه به آمریکا اهدا شده است.

نام اصلی آن Liberty Enlightening the World یا “آزادی جهان را روشن میکند” میباشد که در میان مردم به مجسمه آزادی معروف است.

جالب است بدانید که طراحی سازه داخلی آن را الکساندر ایفل که قبلا برج ایفل را طراحی کرده بود, به عهده گرفت.

این مجسمه 46 متری که با در نظر گرفتن سکوی نگه دارنده آن 93 متر میباشد, یک زن ایستاده است که در یک دستش مشعلی فروزان و در دست دیگرش کتاب قانون  را نگه داشته.

برای سالیان متمادی که سفرهای دریایی رونق زیادی داشت, این مجسمه خبر از رسیدن کشتی به نیویورک را به مسافرین میداد و به نوعی نمادی برای خوش آمدگویی به مسافرینی بود که از راه دریایی مسافرت میکردند.

البته هنوز هم افرادی که از راه دریا قصد سفر به ایالات متحده را دارند در بدو ورودشان شاهد این مجسمه هستند.

این تندیس غول پیکر در لیست میراث جهانی یونسکو به ثبت رسیده است.

 

The Statue of Liberty

 

The Statue of Liberty is an important symbol of freedom in the United States. It stands on Liberty Island in the harbor of New York City. The statue was a gift from France in the mid-1880s.

It was the first sight of America for millions of immigrants who arrived by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

 

What monument is a symbol of American freedom known around the world? It is the Statue of Liberty in New York City’s harbor.

The statue became a symbol of freedom in the first half of the 20th century. That’s when millions of European immigrants came to the United States by ship and passed through the harbor. The statue of a tall lady holding a torch was a welcoming beacon.

A GIANT SCULPTURE

The Statue of Liberty is a giant sculpture of a woman dressed in flowing robes and wearing a spiked crown. Her right hand holds a gold torch high above her head. Her left arm holds a book of law with the date July 4, 1776, the date Americans declared their independence from Britain. The statue from base to torch is 305 feet (93 meters) high. The lady herself stands 151 feet (46 meters) tall.

VISITING THE STATUE OF LIBERTY

The Statue of Liberty stands on Liberty Island. You can reach the island by ferry from New York City. An elevator takes you to an observation deck at the top of the monument’s base. Some visitors climb 354 steps to reach the statue’s crown. From there, they have a spectacular view of New York City and its harbor. Ellis Island, where millions of immigrants entered the United States, is located nearby.

GIFT FROM FRANCE

The people of France gave the Statue of Liberty to the United States in 1884. The gift honors the alliance between the two nations during the American Revolution. Thousands of French citizens donated the money to build the statue. French sculptor Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi designed the statue.

After completion, the statue was exhibited in France. It was then taken apart for shipment to the United States and put back together at its present location. United States president Grover Cleveland dedicated the Statue of Liberty on October 28, 1886.

A poem is written on the base of the monument. It includes these words: “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to be free.…”

 

دانلود این مقاله در فرمت PDF

حجم : 40 کیلوبایت

 

مرتبط با این موضوع :

 

Mount Rushmore

Mount Rushmore

داکوتای جنوبی ایالتی است در امریکا و یکی از ایالت‌های غرب میانه امریکا به‌شمار می‌رود. پایتخت آن پییر و شهر مهم آن سو فالز است.

واقعه کشتار زانوی زخمی در این ایالت رخ داد (کشتار بی رحمانه 400 تن از مردان, زنان و کودکان سرخ پوست لاکوتایی به دست سواره نظام ایالات متحده در مکانی با نام زانوی زخمی).

اما شاید مهمترین جاذبه این مکان تندیس های چهار رئیس جمهور بزرگ آمریکا ( آبراهام لینکلن، تئودور روزولت، توماس جفرسون، و جرج واشینگتن ) باشد.

این یادبود که در سال ۱۹۲۵ میلادی تاسیس گردید، بر روی زمین های سرخپوستان قبیله لاکوتا قرار دارد.

                               Mount Rushmore

 

Mount Rushmore is a national memorial to four great American presidents. Their faces are carved into the granite wall of Mount Rushmore in South Dakota’s Black Hills. They are, left to right, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln.

Four giant faces carved into a mountain gaze out over the Black Hills in southwestern South Dakota. They are the faces of four American presidents: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln. This is the Mount Rushmore National Memorial, one of the world’s largest sculptures. Each face is as high as a six-story building

? WHO CREATED MOUNT RUSHMORE

 

In 1925, the American government decided to create a national memorial honoring four of its greatest presidents. American sculptor Gutzon Borglum designed the memorial. He chose a massive granite bluff called Mount Rushmore as the site for his enormous sculpture

Workers began cutting the faces from Mount Rushmore in 1927. It took more than  14years to finish the memorial.

? HOW DID THEY WORK ON MOUNT RUSHMORE

Workers used dynamite, jackhammers, and chisels to shape the faces into the bluff. The work was very dangerous, taking place hundreds of feet above the valley below. Between 1927 and 1941, 400 men worked on the Mount Rushmore memorial

Washington’s face was the first one carved out of the granite. Jefferson’s face followed. Next came the face of Lincoln, and last of all, Roosevelt

Borglum died before Roosevelt’s face was finished. Borglum’s son, named Lincoln, completed the memorial late in 1941

Mount Rushmore is cared for by the National Park Service. At night, the faces look especially spectacular, brightly lit against a dark sky

دانلود این مقاله با فرمت PDF

Size: 32 KB